Because β-TCP is a synthetic material, it avoids patient concerns surrounding perceived risks associated with biological materials from animal or human sources.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of β-TCP
The β-TCP used in GEM 21S® is specifically designed for optimal bone in-growth, with a pore diameter ranging from 1 to 500 microns. The particle size ranges from 0.25 to 1.0 mm. Both the pore and particle size have been optimized to provide an osteoconductive matrix for natural bone formation. Because of its microstructure and bio-resorbability, bone and other resident tissues replace it as they grow into the space occupied by the scaffold.
When selecting the appropriate osteoconductive matrix to combine with a growth factor, the release kinetics must be evaluated. β-TCP has been found to release PDGF within minutes. Release occurs as an initial burst followed by a slow and sustained release over a number of days. This is consistent with PDGF's role in initiating the wound healing cascade.
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SEM of β-TCP at Various Magnifications
SEM's of β-TCP courtesy of Orthovita, Inc.